The UTAUT aims to explain user intentions to use an IS and subsequent usage behavior. The theory holds that four key constructs (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions) are direct determinants of usage intention and behaviour (Venkatesh et. al., 2003). Gender, age, experience, and voluntariness of use are posited to mediate the impact of the four key constructs on usage intention and behavior (Venkatesh et. al., 2003). The theory was developed through a review and consolidation of the constructs of eight models that earlier research had employed to explain IS usage behaviour (theory of reasoned action, technology acceptance model, motivational model, theory of planned behavior, a combined theory of planned behavior/technology acceptance model, model of PC utilization, innovation diffusion theory, and social cognitive theory). Subsequent validation of UTAUT in a longitudinal study found it to account for 70% of the variance in usage intention (Venkatesh et. al., 2003).
Friday, 26 October 2012
Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)
The UTAUT aims to explain user intentions to use an IS and subsequent usage behavior. The theory holds that four key constructs (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions) are direct determinants of usage intention and behaviour (Venkatesh et. al., 2003). Gender, age, experience, and voluntariness of use are posited to mediate the impact of the four key constructs on usage intention and behavior (Venkatesh et. al., 2003). The theory was developed through a review and consolidation of the constructs of eight models that earlier research had employed to explain IS usage behaviour (theory of reasoned action, technology acceptance model, motivational model, theory of planned behavior, a combined theory of planned behavior/technology acceptance model, model of PC utilization, innovation diffusion theory, and social cognitive theory). Subsequent validation of UTAUT in a longitudinal study found it to account for 70% of the variance in usage intention (Venkatesh et. al., 2003).
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
TAM is an adaptation of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to the field of IS. TAM posits that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use determine an individual's intention to use a system with intention to use serving as a mediator of actual system use. Perceived usefulness is also seen as being directly impacted by perceived ease of use. Researchers have simplified TAM by removing the attitude construct found in TRA from the current specification (Venkatesh et. al., 2003). Attempts to extend TAM have generally taken one of three approaches: by introducing factors from related models, by introducing additional or alternative belief factors, and by examining antecedents and moderators of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use (Wixom and Todd, 2005).
TRA and TAM, both of which have strong behavioural elements, assume that when someone forms an intention to act, that they will be free to act without limitation. In practice constraints such as limited ability, time, environmental or organisational limits, and unconscious habits will limit the freedom to act
Wednesday, 24 October 2012
Smartphone Platforms & their App Markets - Statistics
Check out some interesting stats about Smartphones and their App markets here :
http://www.mobilestatistics.com/mobile-statistics
Nice interactive charts these are !!
http://www.mobilestatistics.com/mobile-statistics
Nice interactive charts these are !!
The Smartphone OS Comparison
Let's have a quick look at the similarities and dissimilarities between major smartphone operating systems :
The Smartphone OS Complete Comparison [Chart] | My Phone Deals
The Smartphone OS Complete Comparison [Chart] | My Phone Deals
Let's Get (Re)Started
Owing to difficulty of data collection for the current topic, I have started working on a new research topic - "Factors influencing Adoption of Smartphone Apps"
There has been increasing number of people who pursue new life style of working, communicating, and playing games through smartphone to the extent of emerging consumer group who "starts a day with smartphone and wraps up with smartphone"
The objective of this study is to investigate how major features of Smartphone application affect the acceptance of Smartphone application by users.
There has been increasing number of people who pursue new life style of working, communicating, and playing games through smartphone to the extent of emerging consumer group who "starts a day with smartphone and wraps up with smartphone"
The objective of this study is to investigate how major features of Smartphone application affect the acceptance of Smartphone application by users.
Tuesday, 16 October 2012
BI platform capabilities
Gartner has defined a BI platform as software that delivers 13 capabilities in three categories:
These capabilities are organized into three categories of
functionality: integration, information delivery and analysis. Information
delivery is the core focus of most BI projects today, but we are seeing an
increased interest in deployments of analysis to discover new insights, and in
integration to implement those insights.
INTEGRATION
·
BI infrastructure — All tools in the platform use
the same security, metadata, administration, portal integration, object model
and query engine, and should share the same look and feel.
·
Metadata management — Not only should all tools
leverage the same metadata, but the offering should provide a robust way to
search, capture, store, reuse and publish metadata objects such as dimensions,
hierarchies, measures, performance metrics and report layout objects.
·
Development tools — The BI platform should provide
a set of programmatic development tools and a visual development environment,
coupled with a software developer's kit for creating BI applications,
integrating them into a business process, and/or embedding them in another
application. The BI platform should also enable developers to build BI
applications without coding by using wizard-like components for a graphical
assembly process. The development environment should also support Web services
in performing common tasks such as scheduling, delivering, administering and
managing. In addition, the BI application can assign and track events or tasks
allotted to specific users, based on predefined business rules. Often, this
capability can be delivered by integrating with a separate portal or workflow
tool.
·
Collaboration — This capability enables BI
users to share and discuss information, BI content and results, and/or manage
hierarchies and metrics via discussion threads, chat and annotations, either
embedded in the BI platform or through integration with collaboration, social
software and analytical master data management (MDM).
INFORMATION
DELIVERY
·
Reporting — Reporting provides the ability
to create formatted and interactive reports, with or without parameters, with
highly scalable distribution and scheduling capabilities. In addition, BI
platform vendors should handle a wide array of reporting styles (for example,
financial, operational and performance dashboards), and should enable users to
access and fully interact with BI content delivered consistently across
delivery platforms including the Web, mobile devices and common portal
environments.
·
Dashboards — This subset of reporting
includes the ability to publish formal, Web-based or mobile reports with
intuitive interactive displays of information, including dials, gauges,
sliders, check boxes and traffic lights. These displays indicate the state of
the performance metric compared with a goal or target value. Increasingly,
dashboards are used to disseminate real-time data from operational applications
or in conjunction with a complex event processing engine.
·
Ad hoc query — This capability enables users
to ask their own questions of the data, without relying on IT to create a
report. In particular, the tools must have a robust semantic layer to allow
users to navigate available data sources. These tools should include a
disconnected analysis capability that enables users to access BI content and
analyze data remotely without being connected to a server-based BI application.
In addition, these tools should offer query governance and auditing
capabilities to ensure that queries perform well.
·
Microsoft Office integration — In some use cases, BI
platforms are used as a middle tier to manage, secure and execute BI tasks, but
Microsoft Office (particularly Excel) acts as the BI client. In these cases, it
is vital that the BI vendor provides integration with Microsoft Office applications,
including support for document and presentation formats, formulas, data
"refreshes" and pivot tables. Advanced integration includes cell
locking and write-back.
·
Search-based BI — This applies a search index to
both structured and unstructured data sources and maps them into a
classification structure of dimensions and measures (often, but not necessarily
leveraging the BI semantic layer) that users can easily navigate and explore
using a search (Google-like) interface. This capability extends beyond keyword
searching of BI platform content and metadata.
·
Mobile BI — This capability enables
organizations to deliver report and dashboard content to mobile devices (such
as smartphones and tablets) in a publishing and/or interactive (bidirectional)
mode, and takes advantage of the interaction mode of the device (tapping,
swiping and so on) and other capabilities not commonly available on desktops
and laptops, such as location awareness.
ANALYSIS
·
Online analytical processing (OLAP) — This enables end users to
analyze data with extremely fast query and calculation performance, enabling a
style of analysis known as "slicing and dicing." Users are (often)
able to easily navigate multidimensional drill paths. And they (sometimes) have
the ability to write-back values to a proprietary database for planning and
"what if" modeling purposes. This capability could span a variety of
data architectures (such as relational or multidimensional) and storage
architectures (such as disk-based or in-memory).
·
Interactive visualization — This gives users the ability
to display numerous aspects of the data more efficiently by using interactive
pictures and charts, instead of rows and columns. Over time, advanced
visualization will go beyond just slicing and dicing data to include more process-driven
BI projects, allowing all stakeholders to better understand the workflow
through a visual representation.
·
Predictive modeling and data mining — This capability enables
organizations to classify categorical variables and to estimate continuous variables
using advanced mathematical techniques. BI developers are able to integrate
models easily into BI reports, dashboards and analysis, and business processes.
·
Scorecards — These take the metrics
displayed in a dashboard a step further by applying them to a strategy map that
aligns key performance indicators (KPIs) with a strategic objective. Scorecard
metrics should be linked to related reports and information in order to do
further analysis. A scorecard implies the use of a performance management methodology
such as Six Sigma or a balanced scorecard framework.
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